Monday 9 May 2016

9 MAY-- STUDY MATERIAL -Quantitative Aptitude/Numerical ability(Maths) WRITTEN EXAM--- SBI PO//SBI JUNIOR ASSOCIATES (CLERK)

Dear Candidate:

Purpose : To prepare for  written exam of SBI JUNIOR ASSOCIATES (CLERK)/SBI  PO

Now there are more than 100 post on this subject in this link, you can view all previous posts also .

+ Addition

The addition symbol + is usually used to indicate that two or more numbers should be added together, for example, 2 + 2. 
The + symbol can also be used to indicate a positive number although this is less common, for example, +2. 

− Subtraction or Minus

This symbol has two main uses in mathematics:
  1. - is used when one or more numbers are to be subtracted, for example, 2 − 2.
  2. The - symbol is also commonly used to show a minus or negative number, such as −2.

× or * or . Multiply

These symbols have the same meaning; commonly × is used to mean multiplication when handwritten or used on a calculator 2 × 2, for example.
The symbol * is used in spreadsheets and other computer applications to indicate a multiplication, although * does have other more complex meanings in mathematics.
Less commonly, multiplication may also be symbolised by a dot . or indeed by no symbol at all. For example, if you see a number written outside brackets with no operator (symbol or sign), then it should be multiplied by the contents of the brackets: 2 (3+2) is the same as 2 x (3+2).

÷ or / Divide

These symbols are both used to mean division in mathematics. ÷ is used commonly in handwritten calculations and on calculators, for example, 2 ÷ 2.
/ is used in spreadsheets and other computer applications.

= Equals

The = equals symbol is used to show the result of the calculation, 2 + 2 = 4.
You may also come across other related symbols, although these are less common:
  • ≠ means not equal. For example 2 + 2 ≠ 5 - 2. In computer applications (like Excel) the symbols <> mean not equal.
  • ≡ means identical to. Similar, but not exactly the same as equals. If in doubt, stick to =.
  • ≈ means approximately equal to, or almost equal to. The two sides of a relationship indicated by this symbol will not be accurate enough to manipulate mathematically.

< Less Than and > Greater Than

This symbol < means less than, for example 2 < 4 means that 2 is less than 4.
This symbol > means greater than, for example 4 > 2.
≤ ≥ These symbols mean ‘less than or equal to’ and ‘greater than or equal to’ and are commonly used in algebra. In computer applications <= and >= are used.
≪ ≫ These symbols are less common and mean much less than, or much greater than.

± Plus or Minus

This symbol ± means ‘plus or minus’. It is used to indicate, for example, confidence intervals around a number.
The answer is said to be ‘plus or minus’ another number, or in other words, within a range around the given answer.
For example, 5 ± 2 could in practice be any number from 3 to 7.

∑ Sum

The ∑ symbol means sum.
∑ is the Greek capital sigma symbol. Used commonly in algebraic functions, you may also notice it in Excel - the AutoSum button has a sigma as its icon.

° Degree

Degrees ° are used in several different ways.
  • As a measure of rotation - the angle between the sides of a shape or the rotation of a circle. A circle is 360° and a right angle is 90°. See our section on Geometry for more.
  • A measure of temperature. Degrees Celsius or Centigrade are used in most of the world (with the exception of the USA). Water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C. In the USA Fahrenheit is used on the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at 32°F and boils at 212°F. 

∠ Angle

The angle symbol ∠ is used as shorthand in geometry (the study of shapes) for describing an angle.
The expression ∠ABC is used to describe the angle at point B (between points A and C). Similarly, ∠BAC would be used to describe the angle of point A (between points B and C). .

√ Square Root

√ is the symbol for square root. A square root is the number that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original number.
For example, the square root of 4 is 2, because 2 x 2 = 4. The square root of 9 is 3, because 3 x 3 = 9.

2 Power

This symbol is used for the power of a number, 32, for example, means 3 to the power of 2 or 3 squared (3 x 3).
The superscripted number is the power so 43 means 4 to the power of 3 or 4 cubed, that is 4 × 4 × 4.

. Decimal Point

. is the decimal point symbol, often referred to as simply ‘point’.

, Thousand's Separator

A comma can be used to split larger numbers and make them easier to read.
A thousand can be written as 1,000 as well as 1000 and a million as 1,000,000 or 1000000. The comma splits larger numbers into blocks of three digits.
In most English speaking countries the , does not have any mathematical function, it is simply used to make numbers easier to read.
In some other countries, especially in Europe, the comma may be used instead of a decimal point.

( ) Brackets

Brackets ( ) are used to determine the order of a calculation as dictated by the BODMAS rule.
Parts of a calculation included within brackets are calculated first, for example
  • 5 + 3 × 2 = 11
  • (5 + 3) × 2 = 16

% Percentage

The % symbol means percentage, or the number out of 100.
Learn all about percentages on our page: Introduction to Percentages

∞ Infinity

The ∞ symbol signifies infinity, the concept that numbers go on for ever.
However large a number you have, you can always have a larger one, because you can always add one to it.
Infinity is not a number, but the idea of numbers going on for ever. You cannot add one to infinity, any more than you can add one to a person, or to love or hate.

x-bar Mean

x-bar is the mean of all the possible values of x.
You will mostly come across this symbol in statistics.
.

! Factorial

! is the symbol for factorial.
n! is the product of all the numbers from n down to 1, inclusive, i.e. n x (n−1) x (n−2) x … x 2 x 1.

∝ Proportional

∝ means ‘is proportional to’, and is used to show something that varies in relation to something else. For example, if x = 2y, then x ∝ y.

∴ Therefore

∴ is a useful shorthand form of ‘therefore’, used throughout maths and science.

∵ Because

∵ is a useful shorthand form of ‘because’, not to be confused with ‘therefore’.


(Ref: http://www.skillsyouneed.com/)

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